Jane@janesjournals loves the letter J. So, when I read the following (from Mental Floss), I had to post. Tomorrow I shall return with more janglery and jargoogle.

 

“The letter j first came about as a variation of the letter i, originally used to clarify the last in a sequence of Roman numerals—so iii, for 3, might once have been written iij to avoid any confusion with whatever followed. Over time, it began to establish itself as a letter in its own right, with its own distinct sound, but it wasn’t until after the Norman Conquest of England in 1066 that j first began to appear in English words: Scribes borrowed it into English from French in the early Middle Ages as a replacement for the initial dzh sound found in words like judge and jump.

Overall, though, j remains a fairly rare letter in English—you can expect to find it in just 0.16 percent of the words in a dictionary, including the 35 joyous j words here.”

1. JABBLE

An old Scots word meaning “to shake liquid around in a container.”

2. JACK-AT-A-PINCH

Seventeenth century slang for someone (originally, a clergyman) called in as a replacement at the very last moment.

3. JACK-SHARP

As well as being an old southwest English word for a holly leaf, a jack-sharp is a harsh, tingling frost or cold.

4. JACTANCE

Also spelled jactancy, a 15th century word for boastfulness.

5. JACTITATE

To jactitate is to toss around restlessly.

6. JADOO

An old 19th century word for magic or conjuring, derived from the Hindi word for enchantment, jadu.

7. JALOUSE

Derived from the French word for jealousy, to jalouse something is to be suspicious of it. Originally used only in Scots literature (and popularized by Sir Walter Scott in several of his works in the early 1800s), later writers commandeered the word and misused it as meaning “to jealously begrudge someone something.” Either meaning can be used today.

8. JAMBLE

An old dialect word meaning “to ring a bell rapidly.”

9. JAMPHLE

An old Scots word meaning “to walk awkwardly because your shoes are too big for your feet.”

10. JANGLERY

Used by Geoffrey Chaucer to mean babbling, idle chatter.

11. JANUARY-BUTTER

An 18th century southwest English nickname for mud, referring to the typical weather conditions in England in January. (And the other 11 months of the year.)

12. JARGOGLE

To confuse or jumble something up is to jargogle it.

13. JENTICULATE

If you’re jenticulating, then you’re having breakfast. Need an adjective to describe something breakfasty? That’s jentacular.

14. JEREMIAD

Named after the Lamentations of Jeremiah in the Old Testament, a jeremiad is text or speech outlining a complaint or a list of grievances.

15. JETTATORE

Derived from iettatore, an Italian word for the evil eye, a jettatore is a person who brings back luck. Jettatura, derived from the same root, is another name for bad luck.

16. JETTEAU

In other words, that’s a jet d’eau—an ornamental jet of water, like one from a fountain.

17. JIFFLE

A 17th century word meaning “to fidget” or “to shuffle around.”

18. JIMBER-JAWED

If you have a jimber-jaw, then your bottom jaw protrudes further out than your upper jaw.

19. JIPIJAPA

Another name for a Panama hat, derived from both the name of the plant fiber from which they’re woven, and the region of Ecuador where they’re made. (No, Panama hats aren’t made in Panama …)

20. JIRBLE

An old Scots word meaning “to pour liquid from one vessel into another,” and so also, “to spill liquid by handling it clumsily.”

21. JO-JO

19th century Australian slang for a man with a very hairy face. According to The Routledge Dictionary of Historical Slang, it derives from “a Russian ‘dog-man,’ ostensibly so-named [who was] exhibited in Melbourne,” sometime around 1880.

22. JOBATION

Derived from the Biblical character of Job, who was made by God to endure a series of devastating personal misfortunes and disasters, to Job or jobe someone is to harangue or castigate them at great length, while a jobation is a long and drawn-out scolding criticism or rebuke.

23. JOBBERNOWL

Also spelled jabbernowl, this is a good old Tudor-period word for a foolish, empty-headed person. No one knows for sure what jobber means, but nowl is an old English dialect word for the top of a person’s head.

24. JOCULATOR

Someone who keeps telling jokes? They’re a joculator.

25. JOHNNY-KNOCK-SOFTLY

An old English dialect word for a slow, dawdling worker.

26. JOISE

To enjoy using or possessing something is to joise it.

27. JOLTERHEADEDNESS

Coined by Dickens to mean “slow-wittedness” or “stupidity.” Jolter-head has been another word for a numbskull since the 1600s.

28. JOOKERY

Also known as jookery-cookery, this is a 16th century dialect word for dodgy dealing or sleight of hand, probably derived from jouk, an even earlier Scots word meaning “to dexterously evade or swerve to dodge something.”

29. JUBATE

Horses, giraffes, Bactrian camels, some species of wolf and antelope, and most famously lions are all jubate—it’s an adjective describing anything (or anyone) with a mane of hair.

30. JUG-BITTEN

A 17th century euphemism for being drunk …

31. JUGGINS-HUNTING

… while in Victorian slang, to go juggins-hunting meant to be on the look out for someone who’s willing to buy you a drink.

32. JUGULATE

Derived from a Latin word literally meaning “to cut the throat” (a jugulator is a murderer, incidentally), nowadays you’re much more likely to come across jugulate in a figurative context meaning “to stop something powerfully or suddenly.” It’s often used to describe drastic medical treatments that stop a disease from developing immediately.

33. JUMENT

A jument is a beast of burden, and in particular a horse. In 19th century medical language, the adjective jumentous was used to describe particularly dark, strong-smelling urine, like that of a horse. (No, really.)

34. JUSQU’AUBOUTISME

The French phrase jusqu’au bout literally means “up to the very end.” It’s the root ofjusqu’auboutisme, a word that refers to a determination to doggedly see something throughto its conclusion. Someone who does just that is a jusqu’auboutiste. 

35. JUXTAMARINE

Describes anywhere located by the sea.